Applied Anesthesia for different animals

Analgesics Used in Dogs for Short Procedures

Drug (Group Name)

Activity

Induction (min)

Duration (min)

Dose / Kg

Side Effects

Morphine (Opioid)

Analgesic

5-10

4 hrs

0.1 – 0.2 mg IM

Vomiting. Defecation.

Pethidine

5-10

2 – 4 hrs

1 – 2 mg IM

Hyptension if given IV

Methadone

5-10

4 hrs

0.1 mg IM / IV

Vomiting. Defecation.

Fentanyl

5-10

20 – 30

0.001 – 0.007 mg IV

Vomiting. Defecation.

Buprenorphine

5

6 – 8 hrs

0.006 mg IM / IV

Vomiting. Defecation.

2% Acepromazine

Sedative

20

60

4 – 24 hrs

0.03 - 0.05 mg IM

 1- 3 mg PO

¯ ABP

Xylazine

Sedative / Hypnotic

¯ other drugs dose

10-15

30-60

1 – 3 mg IM

Vomiting. ­ABP. ¯ BR.

Medetomidine

10

45-60

40 mg IM

30 – 80 mg PO

¯ HR. ­ Blood Sugar. ­Salivation. ­Urination.

Combelen: Methadone + Proionylpromazine

Sedative + Opioid

Acepromazine + Bubrenorphine

0.07 mg + 9 mg

Methadone + Xylazine

(0.5 mg+0.5 mg  kg

Premedication used in Dogs for General Anaesthesia

Drug (Group Name)

Activity

Indications

Time Pre Ind

Induction (min)

Dose / Kg

Side Effects

Diazepam

¯ Induction dose

¯ Excitability in

Methohexitone Use

5

1-2 i.v

0.25 mg IV

 0.5 – 1 mg IM

Painful on IV Injection

Midazolam

¯ other drugs  dose

5

1-2 i.v

0.2 – 0.5 mg IV

Atropine Sulphate

¯ Vagal Reflexes

­ Saliva Viscosity

Volatile Anaesthetics

15-30

15-20 i.m

0.02 – 0.1 mg IM / IV

Overdose causes Convulsions.

Acepromazine

¯ other drugs dose

5-10

10-15

0.03 – 0.05 mg IM

Medetomidine

¯ other drugs dose

3-5

1-2

 5 – 10 mg IM

Alfentanil

3-5

0.5-2

5 mg IV

Induction Agents used in Dogs for General Anaesthesia

Drug
(Group Name)

Premedication

Dose / Kg

Induction (min)

Duration (min)

Side Effects

2.5% Thiopentone Na

Acepromazine

7 - 8 mg IV

0.5-1

15-30

¯ BR. Apnoea.

Medetomidine

7 - 8 mg IV

0.5-1

10-20

Alfentanil

3 – 5 mg IV

0.5-1

15-20

Propofol

Acepromazine

4 mg

1-2

10-20

EXPENSIVE

Medetomidine

1 – 1.5 mg

1-2

10-15

Alfentanil

3 – 4 mg

1-2

10-15

2% Thiamylal Na

Acepromazine

7 - 8 mg IV

1-2

10-15

EXPENSIVE

1 – 2 % Methohexitone Na

Alfentanil

2 - 3 mg IV / IM

1-2

30

Apnoea with high doses.

Ketamine

Atropine + Xylazine

5.5 mg IV

1-3

30

Convulsions

Maintenance Agents used in Dogs for General Anaesthesia

Drug

Indications

Induction Agent

Dose / Kg

Duration (min)

Side Effects

66% Nitrous Oxide

Low-Flow System

Thiopentone Na / Alfentanil

50-70% in oxygen

InadEquineuate Alone.

Enflurane

With Analgesics

1 – 1.5% in air

Dose Dependent ¯ BR. ¯ APB

Halothane

With NO2 / O2

Thiopentone

1 – 1.5% in air

 Dose Dependent ¯ BR. ¯ APB

Isoflurane

Low Flow Systems

IV drugs

1.5 – 2%

Expensive. ¯ BR. ¯ APB

Methoxyflurane

With NO2 / O2

IV drugs

1.5 – 2%

Prolonged Recovery Period

A2 Adrenoreceptor Antagonists used in Dogs

Drug (Group Name)

Activity

Induction (min)

Duration (min)

Dose / Kg

Side Effects

Yohimbine

Vs Xylazine

0.1 mg IV

Atipamezole

Vs Medetomidine

5 min

0.5 mg IM

Over alertness. Avoid Skin Contact