Prevention of Central Line associated Bloodstream Infections

- Glossary

1.1.1   Access: The performance of any of the following activities during the current inpatient admission:
o  Line placement
o  Use of (entering the line with a needle or needleless device) any central line for:
o  Infusion
o  Withdrawal of blood
o  Use for hemodynamic monitoring
1.1.2   Catheter-related blood stream infection (CRBSI): Clinical definition of BSI used for diagnosis and treatment of infection that requires definitive laboratory evidence that the central venous catheter is the source of an individual patient’s BSI.
1.1.3   Central line: An intravascular access device or catheter (now commonly referred to as a central venous access device), which terminates at or close to the heart or in one of the great vessels. The line may be used for infusion or hemodynamic monitoring. A central line may be inserted centrally or peripherally in the patient; it terminates in one of the great vessels or in or near the heart.
 
1.1.4   Central Line associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI): refers to surveillance definitions applied to populations at risk. Therefore, the CDC’s National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) definition is “a CLABSI is a primary BSI in a patient that had a central line for more than two consecutive calendar days (on or after CL Day 3), following the first access of the central line before the development of the BSI and is not related to an infection at another site. However, because some BSIs are secondary to other sources other than the central line (e.g., pancreatitis, mucositis) that may not be easily recognized, the surveillance definition may overestimate the true incidence of CRBSI.
1.1.5   Extravasation: Inadvertent leakage of a vesicant solution into surrounding tissue.
1.1.6   Infiltration: Inadvertent leakage of a non-vesicant solution into surrounding tissue
1.1.7   Infusion: The administration of any solution through the lumen of a catheter into a blood vessel. Infusions include continuous infusion (for example, nutritional fluids or medications), intermittent infusion (for example, IV flush), IV antimicrobial administration, and blood transfusion or hemodialysis treatment.
1.1.8   Phlebitis: An inflammation of the wall of a vein, characterized by pain, erythema, swelling and palpable thrombosis of the cannulated vein.