Nursing care for patients with Kidney transplantation

➡️introduction

Kidney transplantation is the best treatment for chronic kidney failure, as the transplanted kidney performs the functions of the original kidneys, while dialysis plays a limited role in ridding the body of metabolic waste and excess fluids. The operation is performed by a specialized surgical team, and the kidney is obtained from a living or deceased donor. The kidney is usually transplanted in the right lower abdominal cavity, where it is connected to the right pelvic artery and vein, and the ureter is connected to the urinary bladder in an operation that usually takes about three hours. Urine is expected to begin immediately after connecting the kidney taken from a living donor, while the kidney taken from a deceased may need some time to start working fully efficiently. The patient is subject to intensive medical and surgical supervision after the operation to control the percentage of fluids, salts, and immune medications in the blood, and remains in the hospital for one to two weeks. After his discharge, he remains under the continuous supervision of kidney transplant doctors

➡️Get a new kidney

A patient with chronic kidney failure can obtain a new kidney for transplantation from one of the following sources

First: Living relative donors

In order for a relative to be considered a suitable donor, he must meet the following conditions

•           To be of legal age, which is (21 years) according to the law.

•           To be in full possession of his mental faculties, responsible for his actions, and well-versed in the procedures, results, and even complications associated with the kidney donation process.

•           The necessary medical tests and analyses must prove that he is medically fit. It is also important that he does not suffer from any chronic diseases, such as diabetes, high blood pressure, and viral hepatitis.

•           To be immunologically compatible according to blood type and tissue analysis results.

Second: Living donors who are not related

A large number of people come to the organ transplant center with their desire to donate one of their kidneys to patients with chronic renal failure. In order for their desire to donate to be approved, the following must be confirmed

•           Fulfilling all the conditions mentioned for relative donors

•           There is no suspicion of trafficking or taking drugs for money

•           The donation should not be made under threat or blackmail

•           That the donation be approved by the special committee to interview these donors, which was formed by a ministerial decision

➡️Note

Some people travel to some Asian countries to buy a kidney, but as a result of performing the operation in unqualified centers whose primary goal is financial gain, the resulting complications rate is unacceptable and sometimes dangerous for patients.

Third: Obtaining a kidney from the deceased

Chronic renal failure patients are registered in special lists according to their blood type. When a kidney from a deceased donor is available, a number of these patients are called according to priority to the Organ Transplantation Department, where they undergo a medical examination, as well as some tests and examinations, as well as immunological tests. Patients are selected according to a points system given to patients registered in the waiting lists, taking into account the patient’s age, the period of treatment with kidney dialysis, medical fitness, and tissue compatibility