Unconscious Patient

Policy:

It is a condition in which the patient loses awareness and perception of the events happening around them, resulting from disturbances in the sensory nervous system. These disturbances are often accompanied by a decrease (reduction) in the functioning of certain brain cells.

Steps:

1. Evaluate the level of consciousness and report it.
2. Ensure airway and breathing safety (e.g., positioning the airway, adjusting the patient's position, administering oxygen as per the doctor’s instructions).
3. Monitor breathing and report changes.
• Monitor vital signs.
4. Observe the skin (color, pressure points, dryness, etc.).
5. Reposition the patient regularly and implement turning protocols to maintain circulation and skin integrity.
6. Provide continuous full care to the patient, especially for areas like the mouth, eyes, nose, and skin folds.
7. Ensure appropriate nutrition for the patient based on their condition via IV or nasogastric tube (Ryle’s tube) and record the amounts on the fluid balance chart.
8. Insert a urinary catheter and provide appropriate care.
9. Ensure the patient's safety and security (e.g., raise bed rails, avoid placing sharp objects on the patient's bed).
10. Document and report as per the doctor's orders and follow patient restraint safety protocols.
11. Document observations for a comatose patient on the following points:

• Describe the level of activity or consciousness:
• Fully conscious (Alert)
• Confused (Disoriented)
• Restless
• Drowsy
• Lethargic
• Comatose

12. Record data in the fluid balance chart, including the intake of treatments and fluids, as well as output from urine, stool, etc.