Common Gastrointestinal Diseases in Newborns

Causes:

• Overfeeding
• Weak lower esophageal sphincter
• Increased abdominal pressure (crying, gas, etc.)

When is Vomiting a Concern?

• Frequent, forceful vomiting
• Dehydration and weight loss
• Vomit mixed with blood or bile
• Repeated choking leading to lung infections

Possible Causes:

• Gastroesophageal reflux (GER)
• Pyloric stenosis (narrowing of stomach outlet)
• Intestinal obstruction
• Lactose intolerance
• Sepsis or metabolic disorders

Nursing Care:

• Identify and report the cause to the doctor
• Monitor vomiting frequency, color, and quantity
• Feed in small amounts at regular intervals
• Keep the baby’s head elevated during and after feeding
• Use prescribed anti-vomiting medications