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The medicines and solutions used in the Operation unit
- Epinephrine (Adrenaline)
- Drug Class: Bronchodilator
- Category: Respiratory Diseases
Epinephrine directly affects both alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptors in nerve cells, increasing heart rate and contraction strength, enhancing blood flow to muscles and skeletal tissues, and relaxing smooth muscles in the airways. It plays a crucial role in treating severe allergic reactions and can be life-saving in cases of anaphylaxis. It is also used during cardiac arrest.
Contraindications:
There are no absolute contraindications for epinephrine in life-threatening situations. However, caution is advised in cases of:
- Hypersensitivity to epinephrine or any excipients
- Cardiac arrhythmias
- Angle-closure glaucoma (when used as eye drops)
Side Effects:
- Central Nervous System: Anxiety, nervousness, headache, dizziness, weakness
- Gastrointestinal: Nausea, vomiting
- Cardiovascular System:
- ECG changes
- Arrhythmias
- Palpitations
- Increased risk of myocardial infarction in coronary artery disease patients
- Potential for fatal ventricular arrhythmias, especially in those with heart disease
- Repeated injections may cause tissue necrosis due to vasoconstriction at the injection site.
Available Forms:
- Injectable Solution:
- 1 mg/mL (1:1000)
- 0.1 mg/mL (1:10,000)
- Inhalation Solution:
