Metabolic disorders- hypomagnesemia

This is an emergency condition.

1. IV magnesium therapy

Given as:

·        Magnesium sulfate solution

·        Often combined with calcium

Example:
Calcium magnesium borogluconate: Dose: 500 ml slow IV.

2. Subcutaneous magnesium

Provides sustained effect (Mg sulphate 10% SC)

3. Sedation (if severe convulsions)

·        Diazepam

·        Xylazine (carefully)

4. Environmental management

·        Keep animal quiet

·        Avoid stimulation

·        Move slowly

·        Reduce noise

Stress may trigger fatal convulsions.

Prevention

Nutritional prevention:

1. Magnesium supplementation

Recommended intake: 20–30 g Mg/day

·        Magnesium oxide

·        Mineral mixes

·        Feed supplements

2. Pasture management

·        Avoid heavy nitrogen fertilization

·        Avoid excessive potassium fertilization

·        Provide mixed forage

·        Provide hay with pasture

3. Mineral supplementation methods:

·        Mineral blocks

·        Water medication

·        Concentrate supplementation

·        Pasture dusting with MgO

4. High risk period prevention:

·        2–4 weeks after turnout

·        Early lactation

·        Cold weather