Applied Anesthesia for different animals

Premedication used in Ovine & Caprine for General Anaesthesia

Drug (Group Name)

Activity

Indications

Time Pre Ind

Induction (min)

Dose / Kg

Side Effects

Atropine

¯ Vagal Reflexes

­ Saliva Viscosity

Bradycardia

15-30

15-20 s.c

2-3 i.v

0.6 – 1.2 mg

¯ Vision. Airway obstruction.

¯ Intestinal Motility. ­ HR

Diazepam

¯ Ketamine Side Effects

5-10

1-2 i.v

1 mg IV / 2 mg IM

Anaesthetics Used in Ovine & Caprine for Standing Procedures

Drug (Group Name)

Activity

Induction (min)

Duration (min)

Dose / Kg

Side Effects

Xylazine

Sedative

1-2 i.v

45 mins

12 hrs +

Ov: 0.1 - 0.15 mg IV

Cap: 0.01 mg IV

Pulmonary Edema

Medetomidine

Deep Sedation

1-2 i.v

60

Ov: 10-20 mg IV

­ Blood Sugar. ­Salivation. ­Urination.

Diazepam (Benzodiazepine)

Sedation: No Analgesia

1-2 i.v

30-45

15mg PO / 2mg IM

IM injection painful

Midazolam

5

30-60

4 mg

Acepromazine (Phenothiazine Der)

Tranquilizer

3-5 i.v

60-120

OV: 0.05-0.1mg IM

Cap: 0.1 IM

­ Chance of rumen content aspiration

Induction Agents used in Particularly Wild Ovine & Caprine for General Anaesthesia

Drug
(Group Name)

Premedication

Dose / Kg

Induction (min)

Duration (min)

Side Effects

Pentobarbitone Na

Ov: 28-33 mg IV

Cap: 30 mg IV

1-2

15

20 - 60

Propylene Glycol: Haemolysis & Haematuria

2.5 % Thiopentone Na

10 mg IV

0.5-1

5

Apnoe: 30-50 sec. Defecation. Regurgitation

2.5% Methohexitone Na

Diazepam

2 mg

1-2

5 – 7

Ketamine

Diazepam

OV: 20 mg IM

3-5

15-30

¯ BR.  ¯ ABP Dose Dependant on IV inj

Saffan (steroid)

2.2 mg IV

2

10

Transient ¯ HR. ¯BR

Medetomidine + Ketamine

25 mg + 1 mg IM

5-10 I,v

15-30 i.m

Repeatable

EXPENSIVE

3-4 % Halothane + O2 / NO2

3 - 4

EXPENSIVE

Maintenance Agents used in Ovine & Caprine for General Anaesthesia

Drug

Indications

Induction Agent

Dose / Kg

Duration (min)

Side Effects

Nitrous Oxide + O2

Semi-closed System

IV Agent

4 l / min + 2 l / min

Tympany may cause Apnoea

Ether + O2 / NO2

Low-flow System

IV Agent

Profuse Salivation in Conscious animal

1-1.5% Halothane

+ O2 / NO2

Low-flow System

IV Agent / 3-4% Halothane

1 – 1.5% in air

¯ ABP. Dyspnoea.

Saffan (steroid)

Infusion

Saffan

0.23 mg / kg / min

30 mins after Stop

Transient ¯ HR. ¯BR

A2 Adrenoreceptor Antagonists used in Ovine & Caprine

Drug (Group Name)

Activity

Dose / Kg

Side Effects

Atipamezole

Awakens & ­ Ru Motility

25 mg IV / 50 mg IM

Relapses into stupor 2 hours later if given IV