Prevention of Central Line associated Bloodstream Infections

1- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Patient Safety Component Manual. National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN); 2025.

2- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Guidelines for the Prevention of Intravascular Catheter-Related Infections (2011). Updated February 28, 2024.

3- World Health Organization (WHO). Guidelines for the Prevention of Bloodstream Infections and Other Infections Associated with the Use of Intravascular Catheters, Part I: Peripheral Catheters. Geneva: WHO; 2024.

4- Buetti N, Marschall J, Drees M, Fakih MG, Hadaway L, Mermel LA, et al. Strategies to prevent central line-associated bloodstream infections in acute-care hospitals: 2022 update. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2022.

5- National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC). Australian Guidelines for the Prevention and Control of Infection in Healthcare. Canberra: Commonwealth of Australia; 2019.

6- Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology (APIC). Guide to Preventing Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections. 2015.

7- Chopra V, Flanders SA, Saint S, Woller SC, O'Grady NP, Safdar N, et al. The Michigan Appropriateness Guide for Intravenous Catheters (MAGIC): Results from a multispecialty panel using the RAND/UCLA appropriateness method. Ann Intern Med. 2015.