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Affections Of Specific Parts and Organs of Food Animals

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- References

1.     Gracey, J.F., Collins, D.S., & Huey, R.J. (2015). Gracey’s Meat Hygiene, 11th Edition London: W.B. Saunders.

2.     Jones, T.C., Hunt, R.D., & King, N.W. (2006). Veterinary Pathology (6th ed.). Blackwell Publishing.

3.     Meat Inspection Manual for Developing Countries. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Rome. Available at: https://www.fao.org/4/t0756e/t0756e00.htm

4.     Radostits, O.M., Gay, C.C., Hinchcliff, K.W., & Constable, P.D. (2007).
Veterinary Medicine: A Textbook of the Diseases of Cattle, Horses, Sheep, Pigs and Goats (10th ed.). Saunders Elsevier.

5.     Meat Inspection and Control in the Slaughterhouse
by Michael D. O'Grady & Ian J. Blanchfield (2012). Wiley-Blackwell.

6.     Figures Credit:

Figure

Reference

Fig.1

Manual on meat inspection for developing countries (FAO), 1994, CHAPTER 3

SPECIFIC DISEASES OF CATTLE, Available at: https://www.fao.org/4/t0756e/T0756E00.htm#TOC

Fig.2

Fenemore, C., Swinson, V. and Foster, A. (2024), Nodular skin disease in cattle. Veterinary Record, 195: 288-289. https://doi.org/10.1002/vetr.4768

Fig 3

National Animal Disease Information Service available at: https://clients.nadis.org.uk/planner-articles/mites-in-cattle/

.Fig. 4

National Animal Disease Information Service available at: https://clients.nadis.org.uk/planner-articles/mites-in-cattle/

Fig. 5

Image details: Available at: https://www.shutterstock.com/image-photo/one-cow-injured-wat-hua-krabue-1136512415

Asset id: 1136512415, One cow was injured at Wat Hua Krabue, Thailand, Upload date: July 17, 2018, Categories: Animals/Wildlife

Fig.6

Swati Goel Sharma (2024) Multiple Cows With Grievous Wounds Found in Haryana Village After Lok Sabha Results, Activists Demand Deeper Probe, Available at: https://swarajyamag.com/society/was-it-done-to-disturb-peace-activists-demand-deeper-probe-after-multiple-cows-with-grievous-wounds-found-in-haryana-village-after-election-results

Fig.7

Available at: https://infonet-biovision.org/animal-health-and-disease/skin-problems-new/skin-tumours-and-warts

Fig. 8

Danny W. Scott, Skin Diseases, Chapter 4 Available at: https://veteriankey.com/skin-diseases-2/

Fig. 9

Carrie Hammer, Taw Scaff, Miranda Meehan, Mary Keena, (2025)Foot-and-Mouth Disease (FMD), North Dakota State University publication, Available at: https://www.ndsu.edu/agriculture/extension/publications/foot-and-mouth-disease-fmd

Fig. 10

Available at: https://www.ndda.nd.gov/divisions/animal-health/diseases/foot-and-mouth-disease

Fig. 11

Available at: https://vetmed.uodiyala.edu.iq/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/ACTINOBACILLOSIS.pdf

Fig. 12

Manual on meat inspection for developing countries (FAO), 1994, CHAPTER 3

SPECIFIC DISEASES OF CATTLE, Available at: https://www.fao.org/4/t0756e/T0756E00.htm#TOC

Fig. 13

Available at: https://vetmed.uodiyala.edu.iq/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/ACTINOMYCOSIS.pdf

Fig. 14

Available at: https://vetmed.uodiyala.edu.iq/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/ACTINOMYCOSIS.pdf

Fig. 15

Crawshaw, T., de la Rua‐Domenech, R., & Brown, E. (2013). Recognising the gross pathology of tuberculosis in South American camelids, deer, goats, pigs and sheep. In Practice, 35(9), 490-502. https://doi.org/10.1136/inp.f5683 

Fig. 16

Elbarbary, N. K., Gareh, A., Abdelhaseib, M., Fotouh, A., Abdelmotilib, N. M., Ragab, M. F., & Dandrawy, M. K. (2025). Cysticercus bovis in slaughtered cattle in upper Egypt: implications for food safety. BMC Veterinary Research, 21(1), 344. Available at: https://bmcvetres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12917-025-04768-y

Fig. 17

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Fig. 18

The authors (Prof. Nabil Yassien, Dr. Hamdy M.B.A. Zaki) own photo from Basatin Abattoir Affections.

Fig. 19

Available at: https://libyaherald.com/2012/02/fmd-hits-north-west-libya/ 

Fig. 20

Credit: Dr. D. Gregg, Noah's Arkive, PIADC, Photo ID: FMD_010, Available at: https://www.cfsph.iastate.edu/diseaseinfo/disease-images/?disease=foot-and-mouth-disease 

Fig. 21

Manual on meat inspection for developing countries (FAO), 1994, CHAPTER 3

SPECIFIC DISEASES OF CATTLE, Available at: https://www.fao.org/4/t0756e/T0756E00.htm#TOC

Fig. 22

Credit: PIADC, Photo ID: FMD_001, Available at: https://www.cfsph.iastate.edu/diseaseinfo/disease-images/?disease=foot-and-mouth-disease 

Fig. 23

Enserink, M. (2008). Exotic disease of farm animals tests Europe's responses. Science, Vol. 319, No. 5864, available at: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.319.5864.710

Fig. 24

The Pirbright Institute, Available at: https://www.hooknortonvets.co.uk/bluetongue-virus-update/

Fig. 24-a

Ovine Meat Inspection - 2nd Edition: Anatomy, Physiology and Disease Conditions, Nottingham University Press, Second edition, 2011, by Andy Grist

Fig. 24-b

Ovine Meat Inspection - 2nd Edition: Anatomy, Physiology and Disease Conditions, Nottingham University Press, Second edition, 2011, by Andy Grist

Fig. 25

The authors (Prof. Nabil Yassien, Dr. Hamdy M.B.A. Zaki) own photo from Basatin Abattoir Affections.

Fig. 26

Manual on meat inspection for developing countries (FAO), 1994, CHAPTER 3

SPECIFIC DISEASES OF CATTLE, Available at: https://www.fao.org/4/t0756e/T0756E00.htm#TOC

Fig. 27

The authors (Prof. Nabil Yassien, Dr. Hamdy M.B.A. Zaki) own photo from Basatin Abattoir Affections.

Fig. 28

Manual on meat inspection for developing countries (FAO), 1994, CHAPTER 2

SPECIFIC DISEASES OF CATTLE, Available at: https://www.fao.org/4/t0756e/T0756E00.htm#TOC

Fig. 29

The authors (Prof. Nabil Yassien, Dr. Hamdy M.B.A. Zaki) own photo from Basatin Abattoir Affections.

Fig. 30

Available at: Fatty liver in fat cow syndrome. Blowey RW, Weaver AD, Diseases and Disorders of Cattle, Mosby, 1997

Fig. 31

In the beef industry, liver abscesses result in significant financial loss (Credit: T. Lawrence) Available at: https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/applied-animal-science/about/news/understanding-losses-from-liver-abscesses-in-the-beef-industry

Fig. 32

The authors (Prof. Nabil Yassien, Dr. Hamdy M.B.A. Zaki) own photo from Basatin Abattoir Affections.

Fig. 33

The authors (Prof. Nabil Yassien, Dr. Hamdy M.B.A. Zaki) own photo from Basatin Abattoir Affections.

Fig. 34

The authors (Prof. Nabil Yassien, Dr. Hamdy M.B.A. Zaki) own photo from Basatin Abattoir Affections.

Fig. 35

Available at: https://vetjournal.it/it/parassitologia/impatto-della-fasciola-epatica-sul-valore-della-carcassa.html

Fig. 36

Available at: https://sesc.cat/en/what-is-your-diagnosis-2/

Fig. 37

The authors (Prof. Nabil Yassien, Dr. Hamdy M.B.A. Zaki) own photo from Basatin Abattoir Affections.

Fig. 38

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Fig. 39

The authors (Prof. Nabil Yassien, Dr. Hamdy M.B.A. Zaki) own photo from Basatin Abattoir Affections.

Fig. 40

The authors (Prof. Nabil Yassien, Dr. Hamdy M.B.A. Zaki) own photo from Basatin Abattoir Affections.

Fig. 41

Borai, M. G., Nagi, A. A., Gab-Allah, M. S., El-Mashad, I. A., & Moustafa, S. A. (2013). Comparative pathological studies on parasitic affections of liver in farm animals. Benha Vet. Med. J, 25(2), 284-295.

Fig. 42

Mark White, 2007, Available at: https://www.nadis.org.uk/disease-a-z/pigs/ascariasis/

Fig. 43

Manual on meat inspection for developing countries (FAO), 1994, CHAPTER 5

SPECIFIC DISEASES OF CATTLE, Available at: https://www.fao.org/4/t0756e/T0756E00.htm#TOC

Fig. 44

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Fig. 45

The authors (Prof. Nabil Yassien, Dr. Hamdy M.B.A. Zaki) own photo from Basatin Abattoir Affections.

Fig. 46

The authors (Prof. Nabil Yassien, Dr. Hamdy M.B.A. Zaki) own photo from Basatin Abattoir Affections.

Fig. 47

Otter, A., & Brzozowska, A. (2022). Pneumonia in adult cattle. The Veterinary Record, 190(5), 191-193. https://doi.org/10.1002/vetr.1551

Fig. 48

Available at:  https://www.awanuivets.co.nz/case-of-the-month-5/

Fig. 49

Available at:  https://www.msd-animal-health.ie/species/cattle/bovine-respiratory-disease/

Fig. 50

The authors (Prof. Nabil Yassien, Dr. Hamdy M.B.A. Zaki) own photo from Basatin Abattoir Affections.

Fig. 51

The authors (Prof. Nabil Yassien, Dr. Hamdy M.B.A. Zaki) own photo from Basatin Abattoir Affections.

Fig. 52

Available at: https://ecampusontario.pressbooks.pub /pathologyoftherespiratorysystem/chapter/respiratory-diseases-of-cattle/

Fig. 53

Subacute contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) : marbling of the lungs and distended interstitial septa, http://hdl.handle.net/2263/32927

Fig. 54

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Fig. 55

Manual on meat inspection for developing countries (FAO), 1994, CHAPTER 2

GENERAL PATHOLOGICAL CONDITIONS, Available at: https://www.fao.org/4/t0756e/T0756E00.htm#TOC

& Ovine Meat Inspection - 2nd Edition: Anatomy, Physiology and Disease Conditions, Nottingham University Press, Second edition, 2011, by Andy Grist

Fig. 56

Available at: http://old.okologi.dk/media/236102/samgraesning-2014-randi-worm-powerpoint-oktober-2014.pdf

Fig. 57

Available at: https://www.metropolevet.cz/plicnivky-u-kocek/

Fig. 58

Available at: https://sesc.cat/en/what-is-your-diagnosis-2/

Fig. 59

Available at: https://www.revistaveterinaria.com.br/testes-de-diagnostico-de-doencas-em-touro-a-necessidade-do-controle-sanitario/

Fig. 60

Available at: https://www.cdfa.ca.gov/ahfss/Animal_Health/images/gross_lesion.jpg

Fig. 61

Manual on meat inspection for developing countries (FAO), 1994, CHAPTER 3

SPECIFIC DISEASES OF CATTLE, Available at: https://www.fao.org/4/t0756e/T0756E00.htm#TOC

Fig. 62

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Fig. 63

The authors (Prof. Nabil Yassien, Dr. Hamdy M.B.A. Zaki) own photo

Fig. 64

by MADELINE CIAK, WSMH StaffTue, October 9th 2018 at 9:07 AM

Updated Wed, October 10th 2018 at 7:55 AM Available at: https://komonews.com/news/nation-world/michigan-government-warns-hunters-to-lookout-for-bovine-tuberculosis-in-deer

Fig. 65

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Fig. 66

The authors (Prof. Nabil Yassien, Dr. Hamdy M.B.A. Zaki) own photo from Basatin Abattoir Affections.

Fig. 67

Ovine Meat Inspection - 2nd Edition: Anatomy, Physiology and Disease Conditions, Nottingham University Press, Second edition, 2011, by Andy Grist

Fig. 68

Credit: PIADC, Photo ID:  Available at: https://diseaeseshows.com/hs_disease_pictures-2/

Fig. 69

The authors (Prof. Nabil Yassien, Dr. Hamdy M.B.A. Zaki) own photo from Basatin Abattoir Affections.

Fig. 70

The authors (Prof. Nabil Yassien, Dr. Hamdy M.B.A. Zaki) own photo from Basatin Abattoir Affections.

Fig. 71

Manual on meat inspection for developing countries (FAO), 1994, CHAPTER 4

SPECIFIC DISEASES OF Pig, Available at: https://www.fao.org/4/t0756e/T0756E00.htm#TOC

Fig. 72

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Fig. 73

The authors (Prof. Nabil Yassien, Dr. Hamdy M.B.A. Zaki) own photo from Basatin Abattoir Affections.

Fig. 74

The authors (Prof. Nabil Yassien, Dr. Hamdy M.B.A. Zaki) own photo from Basatin Abattoir Affections.

Fig. 75

The authors (Prof. Nabil Yassien, Dr. Hamdy M.B.A. Zaki) own photo from Basatin Abattoir Affections.

Fig. 76

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Fig. 77

The authors (Prof. Nabil Yassien, Dr. Hamdy M.B.A. Zaki) own photo from Basatin Abattoir Affections.

Fig. 78

The authors (Prof. Nabil Yassien, Dr. Hamdy M.B.A. Zaki) own photo from Basatin Abattoir Affections.

Fig. 79

Credit: PIADC, Photo ID: CSF_004, Available at: https://www.cfsph.iastate.edu/diseaseinfo/disease-images/?disease=classical-swine-fever

https://www.cfsph.iastate.edu/DiseaseInfo/ImageDB/CSF/CSF_004.jpg   

Fig. 80

Available at: https://www.academia.edu/figures/25501276/figure-23-descriptive-human-health-risk-assessment-of

Fig. 81

Available at: https://sesc.cat/en/white-spotted-kidney-in-a-bovine/

Fig. 82

The authors (Prof. Nabil Yassien, Dr. Hamdy M.B.A. Zaki) own photo from Basatin Abattoir Affections.

Fig. 83

The authors (Prof. Nabil Yassien, Dr. Hamdy M.B.A. Zaki) own photo from Basatin Abattoir Affections.

Fig. 84

Manual on meat inspection for developing countries (FAO), 1994, CHAPTER 2

GENERAL PATHOLOGICAL CONDITIONS, Available at: https://www.fao.org/4/t0756e/T0756E00.htm#TOC

Fig. 85

Ovine Meat Inspection - 2nd Edition: Anatomy, Physiology and Disease Conditions, Nottingham University Press, Second edition, 2011, by Andy Grist

Fig. 86

Manual on meat inspection for developing countries (FAO), 1994, CHAPTER 2

SPECIFIC DISEASES OF PIGS, Available at: https://www.fao.org/4/t0756e/T0756E00.htm#TOC

Fig. 87

Våge, D. I., & Boman, I. A. (2010). A nonsense mutation in the beta-carotene oxygenase 2 (BCO2) gene is tightly associated with accumulation of carotenoids in adipose tissue in sheep (Ovis aries). BMC genetics11(1), 10.

Fig. 88

Manual on meat inspection for developing countries (FAO), 1994, CHAPTER 2

GENERAL PATHOLOGICAL CONDITIONS, Available at: https://www.fao.org/4/t0756e/T0756E00.htm#TOC

Fig. 89

The authors (Prof. Nabil Yassien, Dr. Hamdy M.B.A. Zaki) own photo from Basatin Abattoir Affections.

Fig. 90

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Fig. 91

Ovine Meat Inspection - 2nd Edition: Anatomy, Physiology and Disease Conditions, Nottingham University Press, Second edition, 2011, by Andy Grist

Fig. 92

Ovine Meat Inspection - 2nd Edition: Anatomy, Physiology and Disease Conditions, Nottingham University Press, Second edition, 2011, by Andy Grist

Fig. 93

The authors (Prof. Nabil Yassien, Dr. Hamdy M.B.A. Zaki) own photo from Basatin Abattoir Affections.

Fig. 94

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Fig. 95

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Fig. 96

The authors (Prof. Nabil Yassien, Dr. Hamdy M.B.A. Zaki) own photo from Basatin Abattoir Affections.

Fig. 97

Manual on meat inspection for developing countries (FAO), 1994, CHAPTER 2

GENERAL PATHOLOGICAL CONDITIONS, Available at: https://www.fao.org/4/t0756e/T0756E00.htm#TOC

Fig. 98

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Fig. 99

FAO. (2019). Effects of stress and injury on meat and by-product quality.

Retrieved from: https://dx.doi.org/10.1002%2Fcphy.c150015