Prevention of Surgical Site Infection

1.     Calderwood MS, Anderson DJ, Bratzler DW, Dellinger EP, Garcia-Houchins S, Maragakis LL, et al. Strategies to prevent surgical site infections in acute-care hospitals: 2022 Update. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2023;44(5):695–720. doi:10.1017/ice.2023.67

2.     Sartelli M. Guidelines for the prevention of surgical site infections. How to implement them. In: Sartelli M, Coimbra R, Pagani L, Rasa K, editors. Infections in Surgery. Hot Topics in Acute Care Surgery and Trauma. Cham: Springer; 2021. p. 77–86. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-62116-2_5

3.     European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. Surveillance of surgical site infections and prevention indicators in European hospitals – HAI-Net SSI protocol, version 2.2. Stockholm: ECDC; 2017.

4.     Allegranzi B, Bischoff P, de Jonge S, Kubilay NZ, Zayed B, Gomes SM, et al. New WHO recommendations on intraoperative and postoperative measures for surgical site infection prevention: an evidence-based global perspective. Lancet Infect Dis. 2016;16(12):e288–303.

5.     Allegranzi B, Bischoff P, de Jonge S, Kubilay NZ, Zayed B, Gomes SM, et al. New WHO recommendations on preoperative measures for surgical site infection prevention: an evidence-based global perspective. Lancet Infect Dis. 2016;16(12):e276–87.

6.     World Health Organization. Global guidelines for the prevention of surgical site infection. Geneva: WHO; 2016 [last accessed 2025 Jun]. Available from: https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/250680

7.     National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guideline, Surgical site infections: prevention and treatment, updated 2020