Metabolic disorders in cattle

Milk fever occurs when calcium homeostasis mechanisms fail to respond quickly to the sudden calcium drain into milk.

Main causes:

1.    Sudden calcium demand at parturition

2.    Reduced calcium mobilization from bone

3.    Insufficient intestinal calcium absorption

4.    Improper dry cow nutrition

Predisposing factors:

• High milk production
• Older cows (3rd lactation and above)
• High calcium diet during dry period
• Low magnesium levels
• Metabolic alkalosis
• Lack of exercise
• Obesity
• Breed susceptibility (Jersey > Holstein)