Metabolic disorders in Ruminant, Fat Cow Syndrome ,Fatty liver syndrome

Fat Cow Syndrome (FCS), also known as fatty liver syndrome, is a severe metabolic disorder primarily observed in overconditioned dairy cows during the periparturient period. The condition results from excessive mobilization of body fat due to negative energy balance (NEB), leading to triglyceride accumulation in the liver, impaired hepatic function, and a cascade of clinical diseases. FCS is often underdiagnosed because it overlaps with periparturient disorders such as ketosis, milk fever, and displaced abomasum, but its economic impact and associated morbidity are substantial.