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the Management of Adrenal Lesions

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"last update: 3 August  2026"                                                                                     Download Guideline

- References

1.     Fassnacht M, Tsagarakis S, Terzolo M et al. European Society of Endocrinology clinical practice guidelines on the management of adrenal incidentalomas, in collaboration with the European Network for the Study of Adrenal Tumors. European Journal of Endocrinology, 2023, 189, vol 1  G1–G42.
2.     Berke K, Constantinescu G, Masjkur J, et al. Plasma steroid profil- ing in patients with adrenal incidentaloma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2022;107(3):e1181-e1192. https://doi.org/10.1210/ clinem/dgab751.
3.     Delivanis DA, Bancos I, Atwell TD, et al. Diagnostic performance of  unenhanced  computed  tomography  and  (18) F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography in indeterminate adrenal tumours. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2018;88(1): 30-36. https://doi.org/10.1111/cen.13448.
4.     He X, Caoili EM, Avram AM, Miller BS, Else T. 18F-FDG-PET/CT evaluation of indeterminate adrenal masses in non-cancer patients. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2021;106(5):1448-1459. https:// doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgab005.
5.     Araujo-Castro M, Minguez Ojeda C, Sanchez Ramirez MN, Gomez Dos Santos V, Pascual-Corrrales E, Fernandez-Argueso M. Adrenalectomy improves blood pressure control in non-functioning adrenal incidentalomas and glycemic and lipid control in patients with autonomous cortisol secretion. Endocrine. 2022;78(1):142-150. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12020-022-03120-w
6.     Brix D, Allolio B, Fenske W, et al. Laparoscopic versus open adrenalectomy for adrenocortical carcinoma: surgical and oncologic outcome in 152 patients. Eur Urol. 2010;58(4):609-615. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2010.06.024.